HEAT ILLNESS HEAT CRAMPS HEAT FATIGUE HEAT EXHAUSTION (EMERGENCY) HEAT STROKE (EMERGENCY)   Signs / Symptoms     CRAMPING usually in calf or thigh however, cramping may be noticed in any muscle group.     • Rapid fatigue. • Athlete may notice more cramping or may think that cramping has subsided. • SLOW RECOVERY FROM ACTIVITY.     • Throbbing headache • Nausea • Chicken skin (mostly chest and upper arm) • Fatigue • Dizzy / lightheaded feeling • Athlete may suddenly collapse • COOL, PALE SKIN • PROFUSE SWEATING     • Possibly incoherent speech • Disorientation, confusion • Possible aggressive behavior that may be followed by rapid un-consciousness. • ABSENCE OF SWEATING • WARM, DRY, SKIN     Treatment     • REPLACE fluids before next practice / event • Decrease intensity if necessary • Add bananas, fresh fruit and salad to diet     • REPLACE fluids • Rest • Add Bananas, Fresh Fruit and Salad to diet.     • CALL 9-1-1 • Move athlete to shade • Remove excess clothing • Cool with cold water or ice towel on trunk, abdomen and extremities • Fan athlete • Monitor breathing     • CALL 9-1-1 • Move athlete to shade • Remove excess clothing • Cool with cold water or ice towel on trunk, abdomen and extremities • Fan athlete • Monitor breathing • Be prepared to begin CPR if necessary.     PREVENTION   • Condition adequately before season begins. • Allow for and encourage adequate rest between practices. • Make certain that athletes are getting frequent water breaks. • Add fresh fruit and salad to diet to replenish vitamins and minerals lost in sweat. • Increase fluid intake before and after from practice. • Be aware of heat/humidity.   COMMONLY ASSOCIATED WITH:   Football, soccer, wrestling   ADDITIONAL RESOURCES   To come.       It is extremely important to be able to recognize serious and/or life threatening injuries. These injuries are not always obvious therefore, we recommend that someone (i.e. a coach or team parent) become certified in Basic First Aide Procedures. The American Red Cross offers frequent courses in the procedures.